My brother on what it really means to say all Jews are responsible for each other: Inherent in our responsibility to fellows Jews is an obligation to cry out when Israel’s policies are self-destructive or contradict fundamental Jewish values. I was often taught that, “If we don’t support Israel, nobody will.” But if we Jews don’t also criticize Israel, too few will—and what criticism remains will too easily be discredited with often hollow allegations of anti-Semitism. Because non-Jews who criticize Israel are written off as anti-Semites, the bulk of the obligation to admonish the Israeli government falls on us. Many Jews who take a critical perspective on Israeli policy are attacked as disloyal. But vocal advocates of change in Israeli attitudes and policies are no more anti-Israel or “self-hating” than anti-war activists in the 1960’s were anti-American. We see retrospectively that the Vietnam era anti-war movement was one of the most fundamentally American undertakings in our history, but we should also take note of the fact that, at the time, participants were condemned in much the same way that Jewish critics of Israel now are.